Think your child might need extra support at school?
Many parents notice something is off before the school ever brings it up. That instinct is worth trusting. This page walks you through what to do next — from the first conversation with a teacher to formally requesting an evaluation.
You do not have to wait for the school to come to you. You can start this process yourself.
The short version
Your instinct matters. You do not need the school to notice something first.
Any parent can formally request a free evaluation in writing — no approval needed.
If the school evaluates your child, you are part of the decision-making team.
You never have to sign an IEP at the meeting. You can always take it home first.
Jump to:
You're Often the First to Notice
Schools see dozens of children every day. You see your child at home, in the morning, after school, on weekends — in situations that teachers never do. That gives you information the school doesn't have.
If something feels off — your child is struggling more than it seems like they should, they're avoiding school, or they're frustrated in ways that don't make sense — those observations matter. They are a legitimate reason to ask questions and, if needed, to request a formal evaluation.
First Steps When Your Child Is Struggling
Talk to your child's teacher
Start with a direct conversation. Ask what the teacher is observing in the classroom. Share what you're seeing at home. Ask whether there are any supports already in place or available. Keep the conversation specific — what subjects, what situations, what behaviors.
Write down what you're observing
Start keeping a simple log. Date, what happened, how your child reacted. Over time, patterns become clearer — and if you do move toward a formal evaluation, this documentation helps.
Ask about current supports
Schools often have informal supports available before any IEP process begins — things like reading groups, in-class help, or accommodations. Ask whether your child is receiving any of these, and whether they're helping.
Follow up in writing
After any meeting or phone call with the school, send a brief email summarizing what was discussed and any next steps that were mentioned. This creates a record and keeps everyone accountable.
Requesting a Special Education Evaluation
If informal conversations and classroom supports aren't enough, you can formally request a special education evaluation. This is a written request asking the school to assess your child to determine whether they qualify for special education services.
You can make this request at any time. You don't need to wait for the school to suggest it. Any parent can request an evaluation in writing.
The school must respond. Once a written request is received, the school is required to respond — either by agreeing to evaluate or by providing a written explanation of why they are declining. If they decline, you have options.
The evaluation is free. Public school evaluations are at no cost to the family.
The evaluation must cover all areas of concern. It's not just one test. Depending on your child's needs, evaluations may cover academic skills, language, behavior, motor skills, and more.
What the IEP Process Looks Like
If the evaluation finds that your child qualifies, the school will develop an Individualized Education Program (IEP). Here's how the process typically works:
Request
You (or the school) make a written request for an evaluation.
Consent
The school provides an evaluation plan. You review and sign consent before any testing begins.
Evaluation
The school conducts assessments across relevant areas. This typically takes 60 calendar days, though timelines vary by state.
Eligibility meeting
The team meets to review results and determine whether your child qualifies for special education services. You are part of this team.
IEP meeting
If your child qualifies, the team develops the IEP — including goals, services, and supports. You review and sign. You do not have to agree or sign the same day.
IEP rights and timelines vary by state. Your school district is required to give you a copy of your procedural safeguards — a document explaining your rights in detail. Ask for it if you haven't received one.
What do you need help with right now?
Choose the step that best matches where you are right now.
Check early signs
Learn what developmental signs may be worth discussing with your child's school or doctor.
Request an evaluation
Use our letter generator to create a written evaluation request you can send to your school.
Understand Your Child's IEP
Already have an IEP? Upload or paste it to get a plain-English meeting prep report.
This page provides general educational information about the special education process. It is not legal advice. IEP rights and timelines vary by state and school district. If you are facing a specific dispute or concern, consider consulting a special education advocate or attorney in your area.